Response of Corn Varieties under Saturated Soil Culture and Temporary Flooding in Tidal Swamp
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.6.01.41-49Keywords:
corn, pyrite, sensitivity index, temporary flooding, tidal swampsAbstract
Corn is one of the important food crops and feeds in the world. Conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land is one of the major causes of the decline in corn production. Saturated soil culture (SSC) is a cultivation technology that gives continuous irrigation and maintains water depth constantly and makes soil layer in saturated condition. This technology can prevent pyrite oxidation in the tidal swamp. This research aimed to study the effect of temporary fl ooding under saturated soil culture on the growth and productivity of corn. The research was conducted at Karya Bhakti village, Rantau Rasau, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi Province, Indonesia. The experiment used a split plot design with three replications. The main plot is fl ooding condition, consisted of 1) saturated soil condition continuously, from planting until harvesting time (as control), and 2) saturated soil condition from 0 to 10 DAP (Days after Planting) + fl ooding from 11 to 13 DAP + saturated soil condition from 14 to 28 DAP + fl ooding from 29-31 DAP + saturated soil condition from 32 DAP until harvesting time. The subplot is corn variety, “Sukmaraga”, “Bisma”, “Pioneer 27”, and “Bima 20”. “Pioneer 27” had the highest productivity of 9.33 t.ha-1. Corn varieties with moderate tolerance to temporary fl ooding were “Sukmaraga” and “Bisma”, whereas “Pioneer 27” and “Bima 20” are sensitive to fl ooding.
References
Adam, H., Susanto, R.H., Lakitan, B., Saptawan, A., and Yazid, M. (2013) The problems and constraints in managing tidal swamp land for sustainable food crop farming (a case study of trasmigration area of Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province, Indonesia). International Conference on Sustainable and Agriculture (S. Baby, and Y. Dan, eds.) pp. 67–72. IACSIT. Singapore.
Ar-Riza and Alkasuma. (2008) Pertanian lahan rawa pasang surut dan strategi pengembangannya dalam era otonomi daerah. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan 2, 95–104.
Arsyad, D.M., Saidi, B.B., and Enrizal. (2013) Pengembangan Inovasi Pertanian Di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Mendukung Kedaulatan Pangan. Pengembangan Inovasi Pertanian 6, 169–176.
Balitsereal. (2007). "Penggunaan Bagan Warna Daun (BWD) pada Tanaman Jagung". http://balitsereal.go.id/bwd.pdf [October 16, 2018]
BPS. (2017). "Luas Panen Jagung Menurut Provinsi". https://www.bps.go.id/ linkTableDinamis/ view/id/867 [March 1, 2017]
BPTP. (2017). "Peluang Peningkatan Indeks Pertanaman Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur". http://jambi.litbang.pertanian.go.id/
ind/images/PDF/Suharyon4.pdf [July 25, 2017].
Fischer, R. and Maurer, R. (1978) Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars . I Grain yield responses. Australian Journal Agriculture Research 29, 897–912.
Gardner, F.P., Pearce, R.B., and Mithcell, R.L. (1991) "Fisiologi Tanaman Budidaya" (S. Herawati, trans.). UI Press.
Ghulamahdi, M. (2017). "Adaptasi Kedelai Budidaya Jenuh Air Untuk Produktivitas Tinggi di Lahan Pasang Surut". IPB Press
Ghulamahdi, M., Aziz, S.A., and Melati, M. (2006) Aktivitas nitrogenase, serapan hara dan pertumbuhan dua varietas kedelai pada kondisi jenuh air dan kering. Buletin Agronomi, 38, 32–38.
Ghulamahdi, M., Melati, M., and Sagala, D. (2009) Production of soybean varieties under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia 37, 226–232.
Ghulamahdi, M., Ria, S., Lubis, I., and Taylor, P. (2016) Response of five soybean varieties under saturated soil culture and temporary flooding on tidal swamp. Procedia Environmental Sciences 33, 87–93.
Goldsworthy, P.R., Palmer, A.F.E., and Sperling, D.W. (1974) Growth and yield of lowland tropical maize in Mexico. The Journal of Agricultural Science 83, 223–230.
Gupta, N., Gaurav, S.S., and Kumar, A. (2013) Molecular basis of aluminium toxicity in plants: a review. American Journal of Plant Sciences 4, 21–37.
Ismail, I.G., Adhi, W., Suwarno, Alihamsyah, and Herawati (1993). "Sewindu Penelitian Pertanian Di Lahan Rawa: Kontribusi dan Prospek Pengembangan". Badan Litbang Pertanian, Jakarta (ID).
Jumakir and Endrizal. (2009). "Produktivitas Pertanaman Jagung di Lahan Pasang Surut Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat Provinsi Jambi". Seminar Nasional Serealia pp. 225–231. Balitserealia, Makasar (ID).
Kemenperin. (2016). "RI Impor Jagung 2.4 Juta Ton". http://www.kemenperin.go.id/artikel/
/2016,RIImporJagung2,4JutaTon [July 25, 2017]
Kementan. (2015). "Outlook Komoditas Pertanian Subsektor Tanaman Pangan". Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian.
Komalasari, W.B. (2018) "Buletin Konsumsi Pangan". Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian.
Lubis, I., Noor, A., Ghulamahdi, M., Chozin, M.A., Anwar, K., and Wirnas, D. (2016) Screening method for iron tolerant rice suited for tidal swamp area. Journal of the International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences 22, 30–41.
Marschner, P. (2012). "Mineral Nutrient on Higher Plants". 3rd ed. Academic Press.
Nazemi, D., Hairani, A., and Nurita. (2012) Optimalisasi pemanfaatan lahan rawa pasang surut melalui pengelolaan lahan dan komoditas. Agrovigor 5, 52–57.
Noya, A.I., Ghulamahdi, M., Sopandie, D., Sutandi, A., and Melati, M. (2014) Pengaruh kedalaman muka air dan amelioran terhadap produktivitas kedelai di lahan sulfat masam. Pangan 23, 120–132.
Panda, S.K., Baluska, F. and Matsumoto, H. (2009) Aluminum stress signaling in plants. Plant Signalling & Behavior 4, 592–597.
Ren, B., Zhang, J., Li, X., Fan, X., Dong, S., and Liu, P. (2014) Effects of waterlogging on the yield and growth of summer maize under field conditions. Canadian Journal of Plant Sciences 94, 23–31.
Roberto, J., Souza, P. De, Guimarães, M.F. De, Lopes, M.M., and Henrique, C. (2000) Morphological alterations of corn (Zea mays L.) plants in response to aluminum toxicity in the soil. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 43.
Sagala, D. (2015) "Adaptation of Soybean Genotypes from Various Contries on Tidal Swamps in The Wet Tropical". Thesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Sairam, R.K., Kumutha, D., Ezhilmathi, K., Deshmukh, P.S., and Srivastava, G.C. (2008) Physiology and biochemistry of waterlogging tolerance in plants. Biologia Plantarum 52, 401–412.
Sulistiyani, D.P. and Putra, A.G. (2014). Penilaian kualitas tanah pada lahan rawa pasang surut untuk tanaman jagung (Zea mays L. ) di desa Banyu Urip kecamatan Tanjung Lago, kabupaten Banyuasin In "Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2014" pp 812–820. Palembang 26-27 September 2014.
Sutoro. (2012) Kajian penyediaan varietas jagung untuk lahan suboptimal. Iptek Tanaman Pangan 7, 108–115.
Suwandi. (2017) "Outlook Komoditas Subsektor Tanaman Pangan". Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian.
Suwarti, Efendi, R., Azrai, M., and Thahir, N. (2013) Pertumbuhan, hasil dan indeks sensitivitas tanaman jagung terhadap cekaman genangan air In "Seminar Nasional Serealia (M. Azrai, ed.)" pp. 169–180. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia, Maros.
Wang, X., Liu, T., Li, C., and Chen, H. (2012) Effects of soil flooding on photosynthesis and growth of Zea mays L . seedlings under different light intensities. African Journal of Biotechnology 11, 7676–7683.
Xu, Z. and Zhou, G. (2008) Responses of leaf stomatal density to water status and its relationship with photosynthesis in a grass. Journal of Experimental Botany 59, 3317–3325.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All publications by Journal of Tropical Crop Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
