Development of Rapid Vigor Test Using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper for Soybean (Glycine max L.) Seeds
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.9.01.22-30Keywords:
seed leakage, seed lot, seed quality, seed vigor, soakingAbstract
Seed vigor is an essential parameter of seed quality. It plays a critical value in the decision-making for the seeds to be used in agronomic and horticultural crops. The urinary sugar analysis paper (USAP) test determines seed vigor based on leakage concentration from the seed and corresponding color change of the USAP, which are obtained after soaking the seeds in water. This research was conducted from January 2021 to November 2021, intending to develop a rapid soybean vigor test using USAP, and it was composed of two experiments. Soybean seeds of the Biosoy1 variety were obtained from ICABIOGRAD (Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development). The seeds consisted of three different levels of seed lots (low, medium, and high viability with 35%, 64%, and 94% germination percentages, respectively). The first experiment was to determine moisture content and soaking period for the USAP seed vigor test. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor as the combination of three seed lots, two levels of seed moisture content (10-12% and 13-14%), and four levels of the soaking period (0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The second experiment was the optimization of the soaking period by seed number. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor, which was combinations of three seed lots, three levels of seed numbers (50, 75, and 100 seeds), and the soaking period (four levels as 0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The data were analyzed statistically by the Minitab package. The result showed that both combinations of 10-12% and 13-14% moisture content with the soaking period of 10 hours effectively differentiated the three seed lots into three vigor levels using USAP. Experiment 2 optimized the soaking period from 10 hours to 8 hours by using 100 seeds. The USAP color change was effectively significant to indicate seed lot vigor levels, mainly based on protein leakage concentration on USAP. The color changes from pale yellow-green for higher vigor seed lot to light greenish-blue for low vigor. The USAP was effective for the soybean vigor test for the seed lot with 10-14% moisture content by soaking 100 seeds into 50 ml of distilled water for 8 hours. The USAP is a promising rapid vigor test method but still needs to be developed further.
References
Astuti, F., Budiman, C., and Ilyas, S. (2020). Pengembangan metode uji cepat vigor benih kedelai dengan pemunculan radikula. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 48, 135-141.
Balešević-Tubić, S., Tatić, M., Miladinović, J., and Pucarević, M. (2007). Changes of fatty acids content and vigor of sunflower seed during natural aging. Helia 30, 61-68.
Etiosa, O.R., Chika, N.B., and Benedicta, A. (2017). Mineral and proximate composition of soya bean. Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences 4, 1-6.
Fang, Y.J., Gao, Z. X., Yan, S L., Wang, H.Y., and Zhou, H.Y. (2005). A dip-and-read test strip for the determination of nitrite in food samples for the field screening. Analytical Letters 38, 1803–1811.
Gaspar, C. M. and Nakagawa, J. (2002). Influência do tamanho na germinação e no vigor de sementes de milheto (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke). Revista Brasileira de Sementes 24, 339-344.
International Seed Testing Association. 2018. International Rules for Seed Testing. Zurich, Switzerland, pp 15-30.
Jia, B., Xinglei, Z., and Jianhua, D. (2012). Development of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and its application.Chinese Science Bulletin 20, 1918－1927
Kaya, M.D., Kulan, E.G., Daghan, H., İleri,O., and Avci, S. (2016). Efficiency of vigor tests and seed elemental concentrations to estimate field emergence in soybean (Glycine max). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 18, 5.
Loomis, E.L., and Smith, O.E.(1980). The effect of article ageing on the concentration of Ca, K and Cl in imbibing cabbage seeds. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science 105, 647-650.
Malik, C.P. (2013). Seed deterioration: a review. International Journal of Life Sciences Biotechnology and Pharma Research 3, 374-385.
Marin , M., Laverack,G., Powell, A.A, Matthews S. (2018). Potential of the electrical conductivity of seed soak water and early counts of radicle emergence to assess seed quality in some native species. Seed Science and Technology 46, 71-86.
McDonald, Jr. M.B., Vertucci, C.W., and Roos, E.E. (1988). Soybean seed imbibition: water absorption by seed parts. Crop Science 28, 993-997.
Miguel, M.V.D.C, and Marcos F.J. (2002). Potassium leakage and maize seed physiological potential. Scientia Agricola 59, 315-319.
Ningrum, I.H., Irianto, H., and Riptanti, E.W. (2016). Analysis of soybean production and import trends and its import factors in Indonesia. IOP Conference: Earth Environmental Science 142, 012059
Pratap A., Gupta SK., Kumar J., and Solanki RK. (2012). Soybean. Technological Innovations in Major World Oil Crops 1, 293-321.
Ramos, K.M.O., Matos, J.M., Martins, R.C., and Martins, I.S.( 2012). Electrical conductivity testing as applied to the assessment of freshly collected Kielmeyera coriacea Mart. seeds. International Scholarly Research Notices 378139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/378139
Rastegar, Z. and Kandi, M.A. (2013). Seed reserve utilization and electrical conductivity of deteriorated soybean seeds (Glycine max L.). Anthesis Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1, 8-12.
Rodo, A.B., Tillmann, M., Villela F.A., and Sampaio, N.V. 1988. Teste de condutividade elétrica em sementes de tomate. Revista Brasileira de Sementes Brasília 20, 29-38.
Sadjad, S.O., Murniati, E., and Ilyas, S.(1999). “Parameter Pengujian Vigor Benih Dari Komparatif Ke Simulatif”. 185 pp. Grasindo, Jakarta.
Senaratna T., McKersie, B.D., and Stinson, R.H. (1985). Simulation of dehydration injury to membranes from soybean axes by free radicals. Plant Physiology 77, 472-474.
Senaratna, T., Gusse, J.F., and McKersie, B.D. (1988). Age‐induced changes in cellular membranes of imbibed soybean seed axes. Physiologia Plantarum 73, 85-91.
Shah, P., Zhu, X., and Li, C. Z. (2013). Development of paper-based analytical kit for point-of-care testing. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 13, 83-91.
Takayanagi, K.E.N.J.I., and Murakami, K. (1969). Rapid method for testing seed viability by using urine sugar analysis paper. Japan Agriculture Researh Quarter 4, 39-45
Walters, C., Ballesteros, D., and Vertucci V.A.( 2010). Structural mechanics of seed deterioration: standing the test of time. Plant Science 179, 565–573.
Wijewardana,C., Reddy K.R., and Bellaloui N. (2019). Soybean seed physiology, quality, and chemical composition under soil moisture stress. Food Chemistry 278, 92-100.
Xie, H., Chen, X.Z., Qian, B.Y., Liu, J.W., and Bai, B.L. (2003). Effect of storing-year on seed vigor and agronomic characters in soybean. Journal of Beijing Agricultural College 4, 281－ 284.
Zhao,G., Yang L., Wang, J., and Zhu, Z.(2008). Studies on the rapid methods for evaluating seed vigour of sweet corn. In “International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agricul
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All publications by Journal of Tropical Crop Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
