Potassium Sources and Rates for Drip Irrigated Polyethylene Mulched Chilli Pepper
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.6.02.89-97Keywords:
fertigation, fertilizer, optimum fertilizer rateAbstract
Fertigation with drip irrigation is one of the technologies to solve fertilization and irrigation problems in chilli pepper production using polyethylene mulch. Potassium (K) is one of the important macro nutrients that affect plant growth and development due to its roles in the biochemical and the biophysical processes in plants. The objective of this study was to determine the best sources and the optimum rates of potassium for drip irrigated polyethylene mulched chilli pepper field production. The study was conducted in January until July 2018 at Tajur Experimental Farm, Center for Tropical Horticulture Study, Bogor Agricultural University. The experimental design was a split plot with the K sources (KCl, ZK, NPK) as main plots and K rates that consisted of five levels (0, 68, 136, 204, 272 kg K2O. ha-1) as sub-plots. The results showed that the best optimum rate of K to produce fruit is 101.11 kg K2O.ha-1 with a maximum yield of 2.26 t.ha-1. Chilli crops fertilized with NPK and KCl had the greatest fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per plot, and fruit weight per hectare.
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Susila, A.D., and Gumelar, A.A. (2010). Response of eggplant, yard-long bean, and kangkong on polyethylene mulched and drip irrigation system. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia 38, 107- 112.
Szczerba, M.W., Britto, D.T., and Kronzucker, H.J. (2009). K+ transport in plants: physiology and molecular biology. Journal of Plant Physiology 166, 447-466.
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Widyanti, A.S. and Susila, A.D. (2015). Rekomendasi pemupukan kalium pada budidaya cabai merah besar (Capsicum annum L) di inceptisol Dramaga. Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia 6, 65-74.
Wuzhong, N. (2002). Yield and quality of fruits of Solanaceous crops as affected by potassium fertilization. Better Crops International 16, 1-8.
Zorb, C., Senbayram, M., and Peiter, E. (2014). Potassium in agriculture, status and perspectives. Journal of Plant Physiology 171, 656-669.
Amisnaipa, Susila, A.D., Nursyamsi, D., and Purnomo, D.W. (2016). Determination of potassium (K) fertilizer requirement for pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) on inceptisols soil. Jurnal Agronomi 15, 165-172.
Amisnaipa, Susila, A.D., Susanto, S., Nursyamsi, D. (2014). Penentuan metode ekstraksi P tanah inceptisol untuk tanaman cabai (Capsicum annum L). Jurnal Hortikultura 24, 42-48.
AOAC. (1995). “Official Methods of Analysis of Association Official Agriculture Chemist”. Association Official Agriculture Chemist. Washington DC.
Badan Pusat Statistik (2018). “Statistik Tanaman Sayuran dan Buah-buahan Semusim Indonesia 2017”. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta.
Bosland, P.W., and Votava, E.J. (2012). “Peppers: Vegetable and Spice Capsicums”. 2nd ed. 216 pp. CABI publication. New York.
Bhuvaneswari, G., Sivaranjani, R., Reeth, S., and Ramakrishnan K. 2013. Application of nitrogen and potassium efficiency on the growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 2, 329-337.
El-Bassiony, A.M., Fawzy, Z.F., Abd El-Samad, E.H., and Riad, G.S. (2010). Growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) as affected by potassium fertilization. Journal of American Science 6, 722-729.
Eviati, and Sulaeman. (2009). “Petunjuk Teknis Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air, dan Pupuk. 2nd ed. Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor.
Fageria, N.K. (2009). “The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants”. 448 pp. CRC Press. New York.
Golcz, A., Kujawski, P., and Markiewicz, B. (2012). Yielding of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under the of varied potassium fertilization. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum 11, 3-15.
Gonzalez, M.M., Antonio, A.G., Chim, F.U., and Flota, F.V. (2010). Capsaicin accumulation is related to nitrate content in placentas of habanero peppers (Capsicum chinense Jacq.). Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture 90, 764–768.
Izhar, L., Susila, A.D., Purwoko, B.S., Sutandi, A., and Mangku, I.W. (2013). Penentuan metode terbaik uji kalium untuk tanaman tomat pada tanah Inceptisols. Jurnal Hortikultura 23, 218-224.
Jat, R.A., Wani, S.P., Sahrawat, K.L., Singh, P., and Dhaka, B.L. (2011). Fertigation in vegetable crops for higher productivity and resource use efficiency. Indian Journal of Fertilizer 7, 22-37.
Marschner, P. (2012). “Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants”. 3rd ed. 672 pp. Academic Press. San Diego.
Mazid, M., Khan, T.A., Khan, Z.A., Quddusi, S., and Mohammad F. (2011). Occurrence, biosynthesis and potentialities of ascorbic acid in plant. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences 1, 167-184.
Romheld, V. and Kirkby, E.A. (2010). Research on potassium in agriculture: needs and prospects. Plant and Soil 335, 155-180.
Simone, E.D., Hochmuth, S.B., Olczyk T., Dukes M., Carpena R.M., and Li, Y. (2003). Drip irrigation: The Best Management Practices (BMP) Era. An integrated approach to water and fertilizer management for vegetables grown with plasticulture. Florida Cooperative Extension Service Circular HS917.
Sivanappan, R.K. (2015). Micro irrigation potential in India In “Sustainable Micro Irrigation. Principles and Practices” (M.R. Goyal, ed.) Vol 1, pp. 88-120. CRC Press, New Jersey.
Sumarni, N., Rosliani, R., Basuki, R.S., dan Hilman, Y. (2012). Pengaruh varietas, status K-tanah, dan dosis pupuk kalium terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil Umbi, dan serapan hara K tanaman bawang merah. Jurnal Hortikultura 22, 233-241.
Susila, A.D. (2006). “Panduan Budidaya Tanaman Sayuran”. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Susila, A.D., and Gumelar, A.A. (2010). Response of eggplant, yard-long bean, and kangkong on polyethylene mulched and drip irrigation system. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia 38, 107- 112.
Szczerba, M.W., Britto, D.T., and Kronzucker, H.J. (2009). K+ transport in plants: physiology and molecular biology. Journal of Plant Physiology 166, 447-466.
Wang, M., Zheng, Q., Shen, Q., and Guo, S. (2013). The critical role of potassium in plant stress response. International Journal Molecular Science 14, 7370-7390.
Widyanti, A.S. and Susila, A.D. (2015). Rekomendasi pemupukan kalium pada budidaya cabai merah besar (Capsicum annum L) di inceptisol Dramaga. Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia 6, 65-74.
Wuzhong, N. (2002). Yield and quality of fruits of Solanaceous crops as affected by potassium fertilization. Better Crops International 16, 1-8.
Zorb, C., Senbayram, M., and Peiter, E. (2014). Potassium in agriculture, status and perspectives. Journal of Plant Physiology 171, 656-669.
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Published
2019-07-17
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Hamdani, K. K., Susila, A. D., Purwono, P., & Suketi, K. (2019). Potassium Sources and Rates for Drip Irrigated Polyethylene Mulched Chilli Pepper. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 6(02), 89–97. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.6.02.89-97
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