Effect of Allelopathy from Methanolic Extract of Broadleaf Weeds (Ageratum conyzoides and Borreria alata) on the Viability of Soybean Seeds (Glycine max L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.03.229-237Keywords:
allelopathy, phenols, sprouts, tannins, viabilityAbstract
The experiment aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of active compounds present in broadleaf weeds Ageratum conyzoides and Borreria alata. The study also sought to assess the viability of various seed varieties grown using allelopathic extracts from these weeds, varying in concentrations of tannins and phenols. The research findings revealed that methanol extracts exhibited potent allelopathic properties, inhibiting germination, radicle and hypocotyl growth, as well as reducing the germination rate of soybean seeds. B. alata weed extracts demonstrated lower allelopathy than A. conyzoides, suggesting a possible alteration in the active compounds (allelochemicals) present due to a reforming process. Extracts from both A. conyzoides and B. alata weeds inhibited root length, hypocotyl growth, and germination across a range of concentrations, from low (10% v/v) to high (30% v/v).
References
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Sumi, Linda, R., and Rousdy, D. W. (2018). Aktivitas ekstrak metanol daun akasia (Acacia mangium Wild) terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan maman ungu (Cleome rutidospermae D.C) dan rumput grinting (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers). Protobiont 7, 90–96.
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Wardani, D. K., Darmanti, S., and Budihastuti, R. (2018). Allelochemical effect of Ageratum conyzoides L. leaf extract on soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) cv “Grobogan” growth In IOP Conference Series 2018: Journal of Physics 1025, 012044. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1025/1/012044
Windartianto, P., Zulfa, F., Wardani, T. F., and Fauzi, A. (2018). Pemberian ekstrak daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap morfologi tanaman terong (Solanum melongena L.) dan tanaman abai merah (Capsicum annum L.). In "Prosiding Seminar Nasional IV 2018" pp. 93–100. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Andika, B., Halimatussakdiah, and Amna, U. (2020). Analisis kualitatif senyawa metabolit sekunder ekstrak daun gulma siam (Chromolaena odorata L.) di Kota Langsa, Aceh. Quimica: Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Terapan 2, 1–6.
Andriyani, D., Utami, P. I., and Dhiani, B. A. (2010). Penetapan kadar tanin daun rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) secara spektrofotometri ultafiolet visible. Pharmacy 7, 1–11.
Anistia, W., Marliah, A., and Hasanuddin. (2022). The effect of billygoat weed (Ageratum conyzoides L.) at various densities on the growth of soybean (Glycine max (L). Merill). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 7, 1128–1133.
Dewi, S. A., Chozin, M. A., and Guntoro, D. (2017). Identifikasi senyawa fenol beberapa aksesi teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) serta pengaruhnya terhadap perkecambahan biji Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia 45, 93–99. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v45i1.12730
Einhellig, F. A. (1995). Mechanisme of action of allelochemical in allelopathy. In "Allelopathy : Organisms, Processes, and Applications" (E. Inderjit, K.M.M. Dakshini, Frank A. Einhellig, eds.), pp. 381. American Chemical Society. Washington, D.C.
Hafsah, S., Ulim, M. A., and Nofayanti, C. M. (2012). Effects of allelopathy of Ageratum conyzoides on mustard growth. Jurnal Floratek 8, 18–24.
Halimatussakdiah, Amna, U., and Wahyuningsih, P. (2018). Preliminary phytochemical analysis and larvicidal activity of edible fern (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.) extract against Culex. Jurnal Natural 18, 141–147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/jn.v18i3.11335
Hapsaria, A. M., Masfria, M. S., and Dalimunthe, A. (2018). Pengujian kandungan total fenol ekstrak etanol tempuyung (Shoncus arvensis L.). Talenta 1, 284–290.
Junaedi, A., Chozin, M. A., and Kim, K. H. (2006). Current research status of allelopathy. Hayati 13, 79–84.
Kilkoda, A. K., Nurmala, T., and Widayat, T. (2015). Effect of the existence of weeds (Ageratum conyzoides and Boreria alata) against on the growth and yield soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) variety of three sizes inlevel pot experiment. Jurnal Kultivasi 14, 1–9.
Kilkoda, A. K. (2015). Response of allelopathy from Ageratum conyzoides and Borreria alata weeds on growth and yield of three varieties of soybean (Glycine max). Jurnal Agro 2, 39–49.
Lehninger, A. L. (2000). "Dasar-Dasar Biokimia". Penerbit Erlangga. Jakarta.
Lumbangaol, N. (2020). Penentuan kadar tanin total ekstrak etanol buah marasi (Curculigo latifolia) dengan metode spektroscopy uv-visible. Herbal Medicine Journal 3, 19–23.
Mattjik, A. A., and Sumertajaya, I. M. (2013). "Perancangan Percobaan dengan Aplikasi SAS dan Minitab". IPB Press. Bogor.
Moenandir. (1993). "Pengantar Ilmu Gulma dan Pengendalian Gulma". Rajawali Press. Jakarta.
Mohammad, S. A. T., Aani, S. N. A., Wai, C. P., and Seng, C. T. (2022). Allelopathic potential of cassava (Manihot esculenta L.) extracts on germination and seedling growth of selected weeds and aerobic rice. Sains Malaysiana 51, 633–642. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5103-01
Murrinie, E. D., Sudjianto, U., and Ma’rufa, K. (2021). Pengaruh giberelin terhadap perkecambahan benih dan pertumbuhan semai kawista (Feronia limonia L.). Agritech 23, 183–191.
Nainggolan, M., Yama, D. I., and Achmad, D. I. (2022). Effect of babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides) bioherbicide application on setawar (Borreria alata) weeds. Buletin LOUPE 18, 55–58.
Nugroho, S. A., Setyoko, U., Fatimah, T., and Novenda, I. L. (2022). Pengaruh alelopati tanaman gamal (Glericida manuculata) dan kirinyuh (Eupatorium odoratum) terhadap perkecambahan kacang hijau (Vigna radiata). In " Transformasi Pertanian Digital dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan dan Masa Depan yang Berkelanjutan", pp. 180–188, Agropross, National Conference Proceedings of Agriculture. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25047/agropross.2022.287
Prasetia, I., Mayani, N., and Erida, G. (2022). The activity of bioherbicide compounds extract of n-hexane babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) sub-fraction a at various concentrations on the growth of spinach spinach weed (Amaranthus spinosus L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 7, 247–253.
Pratiwi, I. D. P. K., and Sughita, I. M. (2020). The content of tannin and dietary fiber from fermented millet spouts flour and millet sprout flour. Agrotechno 5, 34–38.
Puspaningrum, D. H. D., Sumandewi, N. L. U., and Sari, N. K. Y. (2022). Karakteristik kimia dan aktivitas antioksidan selama fermentasi kombucha cascara kopi arabika (Coffea arabika L.) Desa Catur Kabupaten Bangli. Jurnal Sains dan Edukasi Sains 5, 44–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24246/juses.v5i2p44-51
Rahayu, M., Sakya, A. T., Purnomo, D., and Nurmalasari, A. I. (2021). Effect of weed extract and naturally materials on maize germination. Agrosains 23, 43–49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/agsjpa.v23i1.48952
Sadjad, S. (2014). Proses metabolisme perkecambahan benih In "Dasar-Dasar Teknologi Benih". Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Satroutomo, and Sutikno, S. (1992). "Ekologi Gulma". Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.
Sumi, Linda, R., and Rousdy, D. W. (2018). Aktivitas ekstrak metanol daun akasia (Acacia mangium Wild) terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan maman ungu (Cleome rutidospermae D.C) dan rumput grinting (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers). Protobiont 7, 90–96.
Tanjung, I. F., Tumanggor, A. S., Rizki, M., Thahira, N., Rahmadhan, F., and I. (2023). Inventory of potentially allelopathic plants in Laut Dendang Village and their effects on mustard greens (Bransica juncea L.). Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, 479–485. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.4610 batang,
Tjitrosoedirdjo, S., Utomo, I. H., and Wiroatmodjo, J. (1984). "Penggelolaan Gulma di Perkebunan". PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.
Un, V., Farida, S., and Tito, S. I. (2018). The influence of the several types plant growth regulator on germination sandalwood seeds (Santalum album Linn.). Indonesian Green Technology Journal 1, 27–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.igtj.2018.007.01.05
Wardani, D. K., Darmanti, S., and Budihastuti, R. (2018). Allelochemical effect of Ageratum conyzoides L. leaf extract on soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) cv “Grobogan” growth In IOP Conference Series 2018: Journal of Physics 1025, 012044. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1025/1/012044
Windartianto, P., Zulfa, F., Wardani, T. F., and Fauzi, A. (2018). Pemberian ekstrak daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap morfologi tanaman terong (Solanum melongena L.) dan tanaman abai merah (Capsicum annum L.). In "Prosiding Seminar Nasional IV 2018" pp. 93–100. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
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Published
2023-10-29
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Karim Kilkoda, A., Subkhan Mahulette, A., & Leonard Madubun, E. (2023). Effect of Allelopathy from Methanolic Extract of Broadleaf Weeds (Ageratum conyzoides and Borreria alata) on the Viability of Soybean Seeds (Glycine max L.). Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 10(03), 229–237. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.03.229-237
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