Reducing the Use of Diuron-Active Herbicides Using a Combination of Wood Vinegar from Lignocellulosic Waste in Pineapple Plantations

Authors

  • Yosua Pratama Simangunsong Agronomy and Horticulture Study Program, Graduate School, IPB University, Indonesia
  • Herdhata Agusta Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2718-3594
  • Mochamad Hasjim Bintoro Djoefrie Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8762-6126

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.13.02.395-406

Keywords:

bioherbicide, hydrothermal carbonization, pre-emergence, pyrolysis carbonization, seed bank

Abstract

Pineapple waste, which is rich in lignocellulosic compounds, can be thermally converted into environmentally friendly bioherbicides. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of lignin-derived compounds from lignocellulosic waste as a bioherbicide and to identify an effective formulation for reducing the use of diuron-based herbicides in pineapple plantations. Pyrolysis was conducted at subcritical temperatures, and the resulting wood vinegar was analyzed by GC MS to identify phenolic compounds. Pyrolysis at 250–300 °C produced phenolic compounds accounting for 40.20% of the chromatogram area, while pyrolysis at 400–450 °C produced 49.61%. The efficacy test included several treatments: pyrolysis products from 400–450 °C at 5% and 10%, pyrolysis products from 250 350 °C at 5% and 10%, diuron herbicide at 0.5 g/L, combinations of herbicide with two selected pyrolysis products, and a standard diuron application as the control. The results showed that wood vinegar produced at 400–450 °C and applied at 10% could suppress seed bank germination, with an effectiveness comparable to that of diuron at 0.5 g/L. This wood vinegar formulation was then used in a second efficacy test under pineapple cultivation conditions to assess whether diuron use could be reduced when combined with wood vinegar. The results indicated that combining 70% herbicide with 10% wood vinegar suppressed weed growth to a level similar to the 100% herbicide standard treatment. This study may serve as a reference for reducing the use of synthetic herbicides in pineapple cultivation.

Author Biography

Herdhata Agusta, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Indonesia

Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center, IPB University, Indonesia

References

Agusta, H., Guntoro, D., Yunindanova, M. B., & Sari, M. N. (2022). Thermal hydrolysate of coconut trunk, coir, and shell as bioherbicide. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1034(1), Article 012041. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1034/1/012041

Ali, M. M., Hashim, N., Aziz, S. A., & Lasekan, O. (2020). Pineapple (Ananas comosus): a comprehensive review of nutritional values. volatile compounds. health benefits. and potential food products. Food Research International, 137, 109675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109675

Amores-Monge, V., Goyanes, S., Ribba, L., Lopretti, M., Sandoval-Barrantes, M., Camacho, M., Corrales-Ureña, Y., & Vega Baudrit, J. R. (2022). Pineapple agro industrial biomass to produce biomedical applications in a circular economy context in Costa Rica. Polymers, 14(22), 4864. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14224864

Ankona, E., Nisnevitch, M., Marks, V., Dorfman, O., Doroshev, A., & Anker, Y. (2023). Citrus pyrolysis temperature effect on wood vinegar characteristics. Bioresource Technology Reports, 22, 101490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2023.101490

Asim, M., Abdan, K., Jawaid, M., Nasir, M., Dashtizadeh, Z., Ishak, M. R., & Hoque, M. E. (2015). A review on pineapple leaves fibre and its composites. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2015, Article 950567. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/950567

Bolhar-Nordenkampf, H. R., Long, S. P., Baker, N. R., Öquist, G., Schreiber, U., & Lechner, E. G. (1989). Chlorophyll fluorescence as a probe of the photosynthetic competence of leaves in the field: A review of current instrumentation. Functional Ecology, 3(4), 497–508. https://doi.org/10.2307/2389624

Campos, E. V. R., Proença, P. L. F., Oliveira, J. L., Bakshi, M., Abhilash, P. C., & Fraceto, L. F. (2019). Use of botanical insecticides for sustainable agriculture: Future perspectives. Ecological Indicators, 105, 483–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.04.038

de Oliveira, S. P., Santos, J. C., Leite, B. N., dos Santos, G. A. N., & da Silva, J. F. (2021). Critical period of weeds interference in pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) crops. Biotechnology Agronomy Society and Environment, 25(2), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18985

Gao, P., Zhang, Z., Shen, J., Mao, Y., Wei, S., Wei, J., Zuo, R., Li, R., Song, X., & Qiang, S. (2020). Weed seed bank dynamics responses to long-term chemical control in a rice–wheat cropping system. Pest Management Science, 76(6), 1993–2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5731

Hagner, M., Lindqvist, B., Vepsäläinen, J., Samorì, C., Keskinen, R., Rasa, K., & Hyvönen, T. (2020). Potential of pyrolysis liquids to control the environmental weed Heracleum mantegazzianum. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 20, 101154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101154

Hermina, & Prihatini, S. (2016). Gambaran konsumsi sayur dan buah penduduk Indonesia dalam konteks gizi seimbang: analisis lanjut survei konsumsi makanan individu (SKMI) 2014. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan, 44(3), 205–218. https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v44i3.5505.205-218

Hung, C. M., Chen, C. W., Huang, C. P., Yang, Y. Y., & Dong, C. D. (2022). Suppression of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation during pyrolytic production of lignin-based biochar via nitrogen and boron co-doping. Bioresource Technology, 355, 127246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127246

Hung, C. M., Cheng, J. W., Chen, C. W., Huang, C. P., & Dong, C. D. (2023). Pyrolysis processes affecting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon profile of pineapple leaf biochar exemplified by atmosphere/temperature and heteroatom doping. Bioresource Technology, 379, 129047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129047

Ismail, F. A., Abdelatif, S. H., El-Mohsen, N. R. A., & Zaki, S. A. (2014). The physico chemical properties of pomegranate juice (Punica granatum L.) extracted from two egyptian varieties. World Journal of Dairy & Food Sciences, 9(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjdfs.2014.9.1.1131

Ju, Y., Zhang, X., Jong, C., Yun, T., Ri, I., Son, C., & Chae, K. (2021). Effects of wood vinegar and bio char on germination of pakchoi seeds under different cadmium stress conditions. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 8(3), 167–181. https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST218340

Knezevic, S. Z., & Datta, A. (2015). The critical period for weed control: Revisiting data analysis. Weed Science, 63(1), 188–202. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-14-00035.1

Konefal, J., de Olde, E. M., Hatanaka, M., & Oosterveer, P. J. M. (2023). Signs of agricultural sustainability: A global assessment of sustainability governance initiatives and their indicators in crop farming. Agricultural 103658. Systems, 208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103658

Lu, X., & Gu, X. (2022). A review on lignin pyrolysis: pyrolytic behavior, mechanism, and relevant upgrading for improving process efficiency. Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts, 15(106), 1–43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-022-02203-0

Mansor, A. M., Lim, J. S., Ani, F. N., Hashim, H., & Ho, W. S. (2019). Characteristics of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of MD2 pineapple biomass. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 72, 79–84. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1972014

Marques, L. J. P., Bianco, S., Cecílio Filho, A. B., Bianco, M. S., & Lopes, G. D. S. (2017). Weed interference in eggplant crops. Revista Caatinga, 30(4), 866-875. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n406rc

Nakthong, N., Wongsagonsup, R., & Amornsakchai, T. (2017). Characteristics and potential utilizations of starch from pineapple stem waste. Industrial Crops and Products, 105, 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.04.048

Pegoraro, R. F., de Souza, B. A. M., Maia, V. M., do Amaral, U., & Pereira, M. C. T. (2014). Growth and production of irrigated vitória pineapple grown in semi-arid conditions. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 36(3), 693–703. https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-2945-265/13

Pereira, P. H. F., de Oliveira, D. M., Pereira, B., Arantes, V., & Cioffi, M. O. H. (2022). Effeherminact of chemical treatment sequence on pineapple peel fiber: Chemical composition. thermal stability and thermal degradation kinetics. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1121648/v1

Pest Control Products Board. (2022). Regulatory review decision for diuron and its associated end-use products. Loresho. Nairobi. Kenya. https://www.pcpb.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Diuron-Proposed-review-Decision-for-Diuron-and-its-associated-end-use-products.pdf

Phrommarat, B., & Oonkasem, P. (2021). Sustainable pineapple farm planning based on eco-efficiency and income risk: a comparison of conventional and integrated farming systems. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 19(4), 2701–2717. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1904_27012717

Reis, F. de O., Ramos, L. M., Araujo, J. R. G., Figueiredo, F. A. M. M., de A. Ferraz, T. M., Assunção, A. K. S., & Neves, J. A. C. V. (2024). Ecophysiological responses of ´Turiaçu´ pineapple plants at vegetative and reproductive stages to soil fertilization and crop location. Ciência Rural, 54(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103 8478cr20220592

Saludes-Zanfaño, M. I., Vivar-Quintana, A. M., & Morales-Corts, M. R. (2022). Pistacia root and leaf extracts as potential bioherbicides. Plants, 11(7), Article 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070916

Sarangi, P. K., Singh, A. K., Srivastava, R. K., & Gupta, V. K. (2023). Recent progress and future perspectives for zero agriculture waste technologies: Pineapple waste as a case study. Sustainability, 15(4), 3575. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043575

Singh, T. A., Sarangi, P. K., & Singh, N. J. (2018). Tenderisation of meat by bromelain enzyme extracted from pineapple wastes. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(9), 3256–3264. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.709.404

Soto-Maldonado, C., Caballero, V. E., Santis Bernal, J., Jara-Quezada, J., Fuentes Viveros, L., & Zúñiga-Hansen, M. E. (2022). Potential of solid wastes from the walnut industry: Extraction conditions to evaluate the antioxidant and bioherbicidal activities. lectronic 58, Journal 25–36. of Biotechnology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.04.005

Statistics Indonesia. (2022). Laju pertumbuhan penduduk (Persen) 2021–2023. BPS-Statistics Indonesia. https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/12/1976/1/laju-pertumbuhan-penduduk.html.

Statistics Indonesia. (2021). Indonesia produksi nanas hingga 2.89 juta ton pada 2021. BPS-Statistics Indonesia. https://dataindonesia.id/agribisnis-kehutanan/detail/indonesia-produksi-nanas-hingga-289-juta-ton-pada-2021.

Tajudeen, O., Oshagbemi, H. O., Adamu, T. J., Agboyinu, E. B., & Sorinolu, B. A. (2020). Influence of mulching materials on the agronomic and yield parameters of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr. var. Sugar Loaf) in Owode-Yewa, Southwest Nigeria. Journal of Biotechnology Research, 6(66), 62–68. https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.66.62.68

Tigre, R. C., Pereira, E. C., da Silva, N. H., Vicente, C., & Legaz, M. E. (2015). Potential phenolic bioherbicides from cladonia verticillaris produce ultrastructural changes in Lactuca sativa seedlings. South African Journal of Botany, 9, 16–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2015.02.002

Tiririca, C. I., Kuva, M. A., Pitelli, R. A., Christoffoleti, P. J., & Alves, P. L. C. A. (2000). Períodos de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura da cana de-açúcar. Planta Daninha, 18(2), 241 272. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582000000200006

Tobimatsu, Y., & Schuetz, M. (2019). Lignin polymerization: How do plants manage the chemistry so well? Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 56, 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2018.10.001

Tong, Y., Liu, S. Y., Yi, S. C., Qiu, Z. X., Wang, Y. H., Zeng, D. Q., & Tang, W. W. (2021). Bruceine D. the main active ingredient of Brucea javanica (L.) residue inhibits the germination of Bidens pilosa L. seeds by suppressing phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Industrial Crops and Products, 172, 1-10. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114079

Downloads

Published

2026-06-21

How to Cite

Simangunsong, Y. P., Agusta, H., & Djoefrie, M. H. B. (2026). Reducing the Use of Diuron-Active Herbicides Using a Combination of Wood Vinegar from Lignocellulosic Waste in Pineapple Plantations. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 13(02), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.13.02.395-406